![]() What is the probable cause? The probable cause is that the x-ray machine did not expose the film. After processing a film, it comes out completely clear. What is Cone cutting? Cone cutting is due to the beam not being centered over the x-ray film. If it is placed away from the teeth, then the lead film will interfere with the x-ray beam reaching the film inside of the packet. The white side of intraoral film should always face: Toward the teeth is where the white side of intraoral film should always face. These would be best located by taking a PA in the symptomatic area. Which of the following is NOT a use for occlusal radiographs? To locate periapical abscesses. Where is the film placed when occlusal films are taken? Against the occlusal surfaces, with the patient gently biting down on the film, is how occlusal films are to be taken. What improper placement can cause misdiagnosis on BWX x-rays? Improper horizontal angulation can cause overlapping of the proximal surfaces and lead to misdiagnosis. Premolar BWX should include: The distal half of the cuspid crown Molar BWX film should be placed: Centered over the 2nd molars is the appropriate placement for molar BWX shots. FMX series consist of: For the average adult, a full mouth series consists of 18 - 20 images - generally 14 periapical views and 4 - 6 bitewing views. What occurs when the x-ray beam is not centered with the x-ray film? Cone cutting occurs when the x-ray beam is not centered with the x-ray film, because it prevents the beam from coming into contact with the film. ![]() ![]() In bisecting the angle, which of the following is NOT true? The angle between the film and the teeth is bisected no matter how many degrees of angulation the film is placed from the tooth. What will cause overlapping of proximal contacts? Improper horizontal angulation (side to side) will cause overlapping of proximal contacts in teeth. Failing to have the x-ray beam in a perpendicular position in a paralleling technique will result in: Foreshortening or elongation will occur if the beam is not perpendicular in the paralleling technique. What angulation must be perpendicular to the film and long axis of the teeth using the paralleling technique? Vertical angulation, the up and down motion, must be perpendicular to the film and axis of the teeth if using the paralleling technique. What is the position on the patient's face where the central x-ray beam is aimed? Point of entry is the position on the patient's face where the beam is aimed. This identifies the proper position of the film as well as prevents the raised dot from being over any structures that may need to be seen on the x-ray. When placing a film in a PID, which of the following is correct? The raised dot should face the PID and toward the occlusal surface. Which of the following requires the use of a film-holding instrument? Paralleling techniques require the use of a film-holding instrument in order to maintain the position of the film with the long axis of the tooth. This is because the film is parallel with the long axis of the tooth, allowing the beam to travel straight ahead. When using the paralleling technique, in what direction is the x-ray beam aimed? The x-ray beam is aimed at 90 degrees when using the parallel technique. What technique places film in line with the long axis of the teeth to be radiographed? Paralleling places the film parallel with the long axis of the teeth. Which of the following is one of the basic techniques for obtaining PA x-rays? Paralleling is one of the basic techniques for obtaining PA x-rays. What size film is appropriate for use as a PA on an upper incisor? What size film is appropriate for use as a PA on an upper incisor? What use is a size 2 film most appropriate for? Posterior PAs and Adult BWX are appropriate uses for size 2 film.
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